\[{x}^{2}-16\]

1
Rewrite it in the form a2b2{a}^{2}-{b}^{2}, where a=xa=x and b=4b=4.
x242{x}^{2}-{4}^{2}

2
Use Difference of Squares: a2b2=(a+b)(ab){a}^{2}-{b}^{2}=(a+b)(a-b).
(x+4)(x4)(x+4)(x-4)

Done

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